Liability
- Damage to third parties
- Employers' liability
- Care, custody and control as an extension
Medical data · advice · the Gatekeeper Act
An occupational health service is rarely held liable for injury, but for the bill the employer receives after a sickness absence case has gone wrong.
Deze pagina in het Nederlands: Aansprakelijkheid voor arbodiensten.
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The losses an occupational health service faces are almost always financial. If a return-to-work process does not run as the Dutch Gatekeeper Improvement Act requires, the benefits agency UWV can require the employer to continue paying wages for longer. That employer then looks to the party that guided the process. Nothing is damaged and nobody is injured: this is pure financial loss and it belongs in the professional indemnity section.
The second risk is the flow of data. You process health data, and that is special category personal data. Between the company doctor and the employer there is a hard dividing line: the employer is told about limitations and possibilities, not about a diagnosis. If that line is crossed, there is unlawful processing and the employee concerned can claim compensation in their own right.
Your services also run on an absence management system. If that goes down, your clients miss their deadlines and financial loss arises again without anything being broken. So for occupational health services we set three covers side by side: professional indemnity, public and employers' liability for injury on site, and cyber.
The structure of the cover in three parts, with an overview per situation below.
AVB for property damage and injury, BAV for professional errors.
Business contents, goods and lost turnover during downtime.
Sickness absence, accidents and the traffic risk.
What is covered
| Situation | AVB | BAV | Cyber |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injury to a visitor or customer | Yes | No | No |
| Damage to a client's property | Sometimes | No | No |
| Financial loss caused by an advisory or calculation error | No | Yes | No |
| Downtime after a ransomware attack | No | No | Yes |
| Data breach involving personal data | No | Sometimes | Yes |
| Damage to property in your care | No | No | No |
This overview is general in nature and is not personal advice. What is actually covered, including exclusions, limits and the excess, is set out in the policy conditions and the insurance card (verzekeringskaart) of the insurer; you receive both before you take out cover. Taking out cover without advice? Then read what execution only means for you.
Four points that make the difference between a policy that pays out and one that does not.
If UWV extends the obligation to continue paying wages because the return-to-work efforts fell short, the employer looks to their occupational health service for recovery. Your defence is the file: what advice you gave, at what point, on the basis of what information, and what the employer did with it. Advice given by telephone and recorded nowhere does not exist in that discussion.
The company doctor knows the medical situation. The employer only hears about limitations, possibilities and prognosis. If a diagnosis nonetheless ends up in an absence report or in the personnel file, that is unlawful processing and the employee can hold you liable under Article 6:162 of the Dutch Civil Code. Administrative fines from the regulator are not insurable; compensation to the person concerned may be, depending on the circumstances.
If you advise that an employee return to work too soon and their condition deteriorates, they hold their employer liable under the duty of care in Article 7:658 of the Dutch Civil Code. That employer then passes the bill to you. It is then injury caused through advice, which means both the professional indemnity and the public and employers' liability sections come into play. Make sure the two dovetail.
An absence management system contains health data on thousands of your clients' employees. A data breach therefore touches the most sensitive category of personal data, with a duty to notify and possible claims from those affected. A system failure also brings the services of all your clients to a halt at once. Both fall outside an ordinary liability policy and belong on cyber cover with a recovery and a liability element.
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The employer can try, and whether they succeed depends on your file. What is decisive is whether you gave the advice that a reasonably competent and reasonably acting adviser would have given in that situation, and whether you pointed the employer to their obligations in good time. Recording the date, the advice and the reasoning is therefore the heart of your defence.
In the Netherlands administrative fines are not insurable. What can be covered is the compensation an employee concerned claims from you and the cost of investigation, notification and legal assistance. That runs through cyber or data protection cover and not through the ordinary public and employers' liability section. So check which of the two you have.
That depends on the route. If someone trips during a consultation at your premises, that is classic injury for the public and employers' liability section. If harm to health arises because your advice was wrong, the claim runs through professional indemnity. So the same event can end up in two different sections, with different sums and excesses.
As a rule, yes. You receive people at your premises, your staff visit clients and equipment is in use. Those situations produce injury and property damage that the professional section is not intended for. See also liability for small businesses for the structure of that basic cover.
Request a quote without obligation. We will look at which insurer best matches your activities and your risk.
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This page was written and checked by an adviser at Finass Verzekert. Last updated on .
The information on this page is general in nature and is not personal advice.
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